In collaboration with Elizaveta Dremova.
According to the information by the Center of Economics and Political Reforms total number of Russian rural settlements exceeds 150 000. But all-russian population census in 2010 educed that 12,7 % villages were not populated. It means that practically 19,5 thousands of Russian villages existed only on a map but they were abandoned in fact. However, the process of disappearing began a long time ago. N. Khrushchev initiated a policy of kolkhoz integration in 1950s. It required the centralization of small villages. As a result, people left villages which were declared unpromising. Thousands of villages were foredoomed in unavoidable disappearing. At that moment, former large settlements repeated the same fate. The soil devours most of the material traces, but leaves signs on which they can be discovered. At present, the abandoned areas have become natural again. We humanize these places, recreating some of the remaining practices of life in the recent past. The other goal is documentation of traces of these abandoned villages. The disappearing of villages gives evidences to the process of erasing the image of the peasantry, which is a part of Russia's identity. The third goal is to appeal to the Russian village and its practitioners as an unobvious foundation of our culture. Our main goal is to study the phenomenon of disappearance, erasure and oblivion of those elements of culture that show the transformation of identity at the national and social levels. In 2017, the first expedition took place in the Dovolensky district of the Novosibirsk region. The project is in progress.
ロシアの村が忘却される経緯を研究
統計によると現代のロシアでは村々の数が減っている。村はたくさん地図にあるのに、住人がいない。住人は出て行くだけだ。しかし、昔、村が残る経緯は始まった。1950年くらいからニキータ・フルシチョフはコルホーズを強くする政策を始めた。一つの方法は小さい村を中心に集める政策だった。全ての村々は「未来がある」又は「未来がない」のいう2つに分けられた。未来がない村の村人を違う場所に動かすことが必要になった。未来がある村からもの家族全員が都市に入って行った。その政策のせいで、たくさんの小さい村が壊れた。社会主義から資本主義までの変化に渡ってこの経路は悪くなるだけだった。 現代では、過去に未来があった村も同じ運命をたどっている。土壌は大方生活のものを壊してと、少しものが残った。残ったお陰で死んだ村を探しやすいわけだ。今、残っていた場所は再度自然に戻っている。村々が死んでいる経緯は村人のイメージが散ることを表す。昔から村人的な生活とはロシアの国民性の大部分だった。村や村人の生活は、私達の文化の目に見えない原理だった。